Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappaB) is an ubiquitous transcription factor that was identified based on its interaction with an 11-base pair sequence in the immunoglobulin light-chain enhancer in B cells. NF-kappaB is involved in a variety of signaling processes, including responses to stress, cytokines, free radicals, ultraviolet radiation, and bacterial and viral antigens.
NF-kappaB consists of two subunits, each of which can exist as multiple isoforms. In humans, a 105-kDa precursor is encoded by the NFKB1 gene and is processed into a 50-kDa protein known as NF-kappaB p50. This subunit can form homodimers or heterodimers with other subunits; the most abundant NF-kappaB form consists of a p50-p65 heterodimer. In humans, a 65-kDa protein encoded by the RELA gene contributes to the most abundant form of NF-kappaB: a heterodimer of RELA/p65 and p50. NF-kappaB p65 interacts with many other transcription factors and contains a transactivation domain in its C-terminus. The inhibitor of NF-kappaB activity, I-kappaB, exerts its effect mostly through interaction with p65.
Alternate names for p50 include NFKB1, NFKB-p50, KBF1, EBP-1, DNA-binding factor KBF1, and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p50 subunit.
Alternate names for p65 include v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian), NFKB3, NFKB-p65, NF-kappa-B p65delta3, transcription factor p65, and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit.
Antibodies for NF-kappaB Detection
The NF-kappaB p50 and p65 antibodies are affinity-purified IgG antibodies that recognize human NF-kappaB p50 and p65 proteins, respectively. The antibodies were raised in rabbit using synthetic peptides and can be used for Western blot (WB) detection or immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of NF-kappaB p50 or p65 protein.
